Nasal Passage Narrowing in Dogs

Nasopharyngeal Stenosis in Dogs

Nasopharyngeal stenosis is a narrowing of one of the four portions of the nasal cavity on either side of nasal septum. Any of the four portions can be affected, which include the common, inferior, middle, and superior portions. The nasal septum is the part of nose that separates the two airways in the nostrils.

The narrowing may occur due to the formation of a thin but tough membrane in the passage of the nasal cavity. Chronic inflammation and subsequent fibrosis (formation of excess fibrous tissue) after an infection is one of the probable causes. Also, inflammation after chronic regurgitation, or vomiting of acidic material may be suspected as a causative factor. This problem is not common in dogs.

Symptoms and Types

• Whistling or snoring noise
• Difficulty when breathing
• Breathing with open mouth
• Nasal discharge in some patients
• Aggravation of symptoms during eating
• Failure to respond to conventional therapy, including antibiotics

Causes

• Upper respiratory infections and diseases
• Foreign body or any irritant contacting affected area

Diagnosis

You will need to give a thorough history of your dog’s health, including a background medical history and onset of symptoms. After taking a complete history, your veterinarian will conduct a complete physical examination, with standard laboratory tests including a complete blood count (CBC), biochemistry profile, and urinalysis. The results of these routine laboratory tests usually return within normal ranges. Outward symptoms will suggest a need for radiographic studies, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT-scan) to diagnose the narrowing of the nasal passage. Your veterinarian may also pass a catheter through nasal passage or use a bronchoscope for further confirmation.